Ring ea pancake ke e 'ngoe ea likhokahanyo tse 'maloa tsa motlakase tse hahiloeng ka ho khetheha bakeng sa mechini e sa khoneng ho amohela mojule o molelele o kentsoeng-. Ho e-na le ho bokella li-ring tsa conductive ka har'a axis, e li beha fatše holim'a disc - bophahamo ba axial bakeng sa bophara ba radial. Khetho eo e le 'ngoe ea moralo e fetola tsela eo baenjiniere ba lokelang ho e hlalosa, ho e phahamisa le ho e tšoaneleha. Tataiso ena e tsamaisana le molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso, lintlha tsa moralo tse hlileng li amang ts'ebetso, hore na moralo oa likuku o bapisoa joang le capsule le{5}}mefuta ea bore, le lintlha tse lokelang ho tsamaisa khetho ea hau.
Pancake Slip Ring ke Eng?
Sesepa sa "pancake slip ring" ke sephara sa motlakase se sephara,-se bōpehileng joaloka disc se fetisang matla, matshwao a taolo, le data lipakeng tsa karolo e emeng le e bilikang. E boetse e tsejoa e le selikalikoe sa ho thella, disc slip ring, kapa -profile slip ring e tlase. Ka meralo ea sejoale-joale, lipina tsa conductive li atisa ho hlongoa holim'a boto ea potoloho e hatisitsoeng - tlhophiso eo hangata e bitsoangPCB stator pancake slip reng- e nang le borashe ba selemo- bo palamisitsoeng holim'a mehele ea koporo.
Tšobotsi e hlalosang ke geometry, eseng mosebetsi: lipotoloho li hlophisitsoe ka sefofane se pota-potileng ho pota-pota, ho e-na le ho kenngoa ka thōko ho eona. Sena se etsa hore sesebelisoa se be tšesaane haholo - limilimithara tse 'maloa feela meahong e meng e iqapetsoeng - ka theko ea bophara bo boholo ba kantle bakeng sa palo e tšoanang ea potoloho.
Kamoo Pancake Slip Ring e Sebetsang Kateng
Lesale le leng le le leng la conductive ho disc ke pina e chitja e koetsoeng. Ha disc e ntse e potoloha ka lehlakoreng le leng la mochini, li-brushes tse lehlakoreng le emeng li boloka ho kopana ho thellang le lipina. Matshwao a hona jwale le matshwao a phallang a sa kgaotse ka kgokahanyo ena, ho sa tsotelehe angle ya ho potoloha kapa tsela.
Kopano e sebetsang e na le "brashi block" e nang le borashe bo bongata pina e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe (bakeng sa ho hloka matla le ho se khone ho kopana), disc e nang le pina e bohareng, li-spacers tse pakeng tsa pina e haufi, lithapo tsa loto tse khaotsoeng lesale le leng le le leng le borashe, le ntlo e nang le li-bearings ho boloka borashe-ho{1}}lekola lekhalo le tsitsitse. Palo ea borashe ka pina, khatello ea ho ikopanya, le lisebelisoa tsa borashe hammoho li bonts'a hore na khanyetso ea ho ikopanya e lula e tsitsitse joang ha nako e ntse e tsamaea le lipotoloho.
Ka hare ho Moralo: Ke Eng Hantle-ntle e Amang Ts'ebetso
Poleloana "flat disc-shaped shape" e nyenyefatsa hore na boenjiniere bo ka tšeptjoa hakaelesale la pancake. Liqeto tse 'maloa tse entsoeng qalong ea moralo li lokisa meeli ea karolo e phethiloeng.
Sebopeho sa pina e bohareng
Track radii seta lebelo la ho thella ka bobeli ho khokahanyo le khokahanyo ea inductive lipakeng tsa lipotoloho tse bapileng. Radi e kholo e bolela lebelo le phahameng la ho thella ka RPM e le 'ngoe, e potlakisang ho apara le ho phahamisa lerata. Lipotoloho tse nyane tsa radii pakete li atamelane, ho phahamisa kotsi ea ho kopana bakeng sa matšoao a bobebe. Hangata lienjiniere li boloka lipina tsa motlakase le tse ka hare bakeng sa lets'oao la - kapa le ka morao ho moo, ho latela leano la ho sireletsa.
Tlhophiso ea borashe le khatello ea ho kopana
Li-brushes tse peli kapa ho feta pina ka 'ngoe li tloaelehile hobane likhokahano tse tšoanang li fokotsa khanyetso, esita le ho khathala, 'me li mamella tahlehelo ea nakoana nakong ea ho thothomela. Khatello e tlameha ho ba holimo ka ho lekaneng ho boloka khokahanyo e tsitsitse empa e le tlase ho lekana ho thibela ho senyeha le likhohlano. Hangata borashe ba-ba bohlokoa haholo-metal alloys bakeng sa lipina tsa mehala, le silevera-graphite kapa carbon composite bakeng sa{{5}lipina tsa motlakase tse holimo.
Insulation, creepage le clearance
Lipina tse haufi li hloka sebaka se lekaneng sa bokaholimo (creepage) le sebaka sa moea (ho hlaka) ho sebetsana le motlakase o sebetsang hammoho le moeli oa polokeho. Sena se laoloa ke litekanyetso tse kangIEC 60664 Litlhoko tsa khokahano ea ho ts'oaroa, mme karolo e kgethilweng ya insulating - hangata e le hodimo-Tg FR4, polyimide, kapa PTFE composite - e beha moeli o ka holimo oa mocheso o sebetsang le ho hanyetsa mongobo.
Karohano ea matla le lipontšo
Ho kopanya li-circuits tse phahameng{{0}a hona joale le{1}}li-circuits tsa mats'oao a boemo bo tlase ho disc e le 'ngoe ntle le leano la karohano ke mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho hloleha. Coupling inductive le capacitive lipakeng tsa lipina tse haufi e kenya lerata meleng ea matšoao. Mekhoa ea ho itšireletsa e kenyelletsa ho arohana ha 'mele, masale a balebeli a tlameletsoeng fatše, le likhoele tse sothehileng-ka lehlakoreng la mats'oao. Bakeng sa Ethernet, encoder, video, kapa{6}}maseno a sensor a boemo bo tlase, mosebetsi ona oa sebopeho o tlameha ho etsahala pele enfelopo ea mochini e hoamisoa - eseng kamora moo.
Ho sireletsa le ho thea fatše
Bakeng sa mats'oao a bobebe joalo ka gigabit Ethernet, HD{{0}video ea SDI, le li-encoder pulses, potoloho{1}}ho sireletsa boemo hangata ho hloka masale a fatše holim'a disc le ho tima thebe e tsoelang pele ho rotor le stator. Bonamokhoa oa ho laola lerata la motlakase ka meheleng e thellangbakeng sa mekhoa e khethehileng.
Bophahamo ba-boemo bo fapanyetsanoang
Potoloho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e eketsehileng e eketsa radius (lipina tse ling sefofaneng se le seng) kapa bophahamo (sebaka sa bobeli sa disc). Ho pheta-pheta palo ea li-disk ho boloka bophara bo le nyane empa bo habeli bo tebileng ba borashe, bo ka hlolang lebaka la ho khetha pancake pele. Ena ke khoebo e bohareng ea ho buisana le moqapi oa selikalikoe ka pele.
Pancake vs Capsule vs Through-Bore Slip Ring
Ho khetha mofuta o nepahetseng ha se hangata ho mabapi le pancake khahlano le "traditional" - ke litsela tse tharo-papiso lelesale la capsulele eaka-bore slip ring, e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e ne e loketse enfelopo e fapaneng ea mochini.
| Paramethara | Pancake | Capsule | Ka-Bore |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sebopeho sa sebopeho | Diski e bataletseng | Cylindrical, qetellong-shaft | Cylindrical e nang le lesoba le bohareng |
| Bolelele ba axial | E khuts'oane haholo | E itekanetseng | E mahareng ho isa ho e telele |
| Bophara ba kantle | E kholoanyane | E nyane ka ho fetisisa | E kholoanyane (e itšetlehile ka bore) |
| Siling e tloaelehileng ea RPM | Tlase ho isa boemong bo itekanetseng | E mahareng ho isa hodimo | Tlase ho isa holimo |
| Feta-ka har'a lithapo kapa lithapo | Ho khoneha ka lesoba le bohareng | Haho khonehe | E etselitsoe eona |
| Molemo ka ho fetisisa ho lekana | Strict axial{0}}height constrict, radial space e teng | Thepa e tiileng, ha ho na shaft e fetang{0}}ho feta | Lithapo tsa Hydraulic, lithapo, kapa li-shaft li tlameha ho feta har'a axis ea potoloho |
| Lerata le tloaelehileng la motlakase | Holimo (koala{0}}pina e tletseng) | Tlase | Tlase |
| Keketseho ea litšenyehelo ka palo e phahameng ea potoloho | Moepa | E itekanetseng | E itekanetseng |
Bakeng sa papiso e tebileng haholoanyane le{0}mefuta ea bore, bonaka-hole slip ring vs pancake slip ring.
Nako ea ho Khetha Pancake Slip Ring - le Neng eo U Lokelang ho e Qoba
Khetha moralo oa li-pancake ha:
- Bophahamo ba ho kenya Axial ke tšitiso ea mantlha ea mochini, mme sebopeho se potolohileng se ka amohela bophara bo boholo.
- Lebelo la ho potoloha le tlase ho isa ho le leka-lekaneng, ka tlase ho siling e hatisitsoeng ea moetsi ea RPM bakeng sa bophara bo khethiloeng ba disc.
- Palo ea potoloho e nyane, kapa tekanyetso ea morero e lumella -diameter kapa -disk e kholo.
- Ts'ebeliso e na le molemo oa ho sebelisa-ho hloella sethaleng se bilikang, indexer, kapa turntable.
Qoba moralo oa li-pancake ha:
- Radial space e tiile - capsule slip ring hoo e ka bang ka linako tsohle e kenya palo e ts'oanang ea potoloho sebakeng se senyenyane.
- Mochini o hloka lithapo, liphaepe, kapa shaft ho feta moo ho potolohang teng - moetso o nepahetseng ke-moetso o nepahetseng.
- Sesebelisoa se sebetsa ka lebelo le phahameng la RPM, moo ho roala, ho qhoma ho kopana, le lerata la motlakase le nyolohang ka matla ho li-radii tse kholo.
- O hloka ho kopanya matshwao a phahameng{{0}a matla le a phahameng-ntle le sebaka bakeng sa karohano e nepahetseng le ho sireletsa.
Likopo le Lebaka la Boenjiniere ka morao ho E 'ngoe le e 'ngoe
Litafole tsa rotary le indexers
Litafole tsa indexing ka har'a lithapo tsa ho kopanya, tsa tlhahlobo le tsa ho paka hangata li na le tumello ea limilimithara ka tlasa poleiti ea ho daela. Rela ea li-pancake e hlomelloa ka kotloloho tlase sethaleng se potolohang ebe e tsamaisa mats'oao a matla le taolo ho li-fixtures, li-sensor, le li-valve tsa moea tse sefahlehong se kaholimo ntle le ho lelefatsa kholomo.
Manonyeletso a liroboto le -mesebetsi ea ho qetela
Liroboto tse hokahaneng - haholo-holo lihlopheng tse sebelisanang le li-rotary end-lisebelisoa - li rua molemo ho tsoa ho sefahleho-li-slip rings tse kentsoeng tse eketsang bolelele bo fokolang ho ketane ea kinematic. Meetso e kopanyang torque e tlase, lerata le tlase la lets'oao, le mamello ea vibrate li atile meahong ena.
Litšoantšo tsa bongaka le lisebelisoa tsa rotary
Mekhoa ea ho etsa litšoantšo e potolohang mohloli kapa mochine o pota-potileng mokuli e hloka lerata le tlaase haholo la motlakase mehalang ea matšoao le ho senyeha ha nako e telele ka makhetlo a likete. Meetso ea li-pancake e sebetsa ha geometry ea gantry e siea sebaka sa bophara bo boholo ba kantle empa ho se na sebaka sa module e telele ea axial. Likhetho tsa thepa, botsitso ba khanyetso, le tlhahlobo ea EMC e fetoha lintlha tsa kengo mona, ho fapana le ho ba le maemo a hajoale a le mong.
Li-platform tsa radar le li-antenna
Phetoho e sa khaotseng ea 360-e nang le phetiso e tsitsitseng ea RF le DC ke tlhokahalo ea mantlha. Masale a pancake a slip a lekana le litheolelo tse khutšoane, tse sephara tsa rotator; bakeng sa lipehelo tse telele tse jereng waveguide e bohareng kapa bundle ea cable, hangata ho khethoa moralo o entsoeng ka ho phunyeha.
Tsamaisa-lik'hamera le lihlooho tsa boithuto
Pan-tilt le CCTV heads kopanya DC power, video (analoge kapa HD-SDI), le ho laola matshwao a libese ntlong e nyane. pancake form factor e lekana ka tlhaho tlasa poleiti ea khamera, empa "signal stack"{3}e hloka tšireletso e hlokolosi ho boloka video e hloekile 'me e se ke ea banta e tšekaletseng.
Lisebelisoa tsa liteko le ho lekanya
Bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa liteko tse methang li-voltages tse nyane kapa liphetho tse nepahetseng tsa sensor ho tsoa ho sesebelisoa se potolohang, khanyetso ea likhokahano le phapang ea eona e bohlokoa ho feta e lekantsoeng ea hajoale. Precious-metal brush le metswako ya mehele ke tsa kamehla mona, mme yuniti hangata e hlaloswa ho ya ka palo e dumelletsweng ya ho kopanya-mefuta ya ho hana ho fapana le ya jwale.
Mechini ea ho paka le ho phuthela
Li-wrappers, li-palletizer, le li-filler tsa rotary li pepesa selikalikoe se thellang leroleng, lithakong tsa lifilimi le moholi oa oli ka linako tse ling. Karolo ea pancake e boletsoeng bakeng sa mela ena e lokela ho ba le lintlha tse nepahetseng - bonaslip ring IP rating tlhaloso- 'me u sebelise borashe bo tiisitsoeng ho e-na le ho bula mabitso.
Mokhoa oa ho khetha Pancake Slip Ring: Liparamente ka Taelo ea Pele
Baenjiniere le baqapi ba OEM ba atisa ho theola lenane lena, ba rarolla bothata bo bong le bo bong pele ba fetela ho e 'ngoe.
- Enfelopo ea mochini.Bophahamo bo lumelletsoeng, bophara bo fumanehang kantle, tlhoko efe kapa efe ea lesoba le kahare, le sebopeho se ntseng se hola. Sena ke sona se ileng sa sutumelletsa moralo ho pancake pele; e beha siling bakeng sa tse ling tsohle.
- Palo ea potoloho le ho kopanya.Arola palo ho matla, taolo, le lipotoloho tsa matšoao. Motsoako o etsa qeto ea hore na disc e le 'ngoe e lekane kapa ho hlokahala-karolo e mengata kapa sebopeho sa lebasetere.
- Hona joale le motlakase ka potoloho.Li-circuits tsa motlakase li khanna lisebelisoa tsa ho ikopanya le bophara ba pina; voltage drives insulation spacecing le matla a dielectric.
- Mofuta oa lets'oao.Encoder, Ethernet, CAN, RS-485, USB, le HD-SDI e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa ho thibela, ho sireletsa, le lerata la likhokahano. Hlalosa liprothocol ka mabitso, eseng feela "pontšo".
- Lebelo la ho potoloha.RPM e tsoelang pele hammoho le maemo a holimo kapa a makhutšoane-a phatlohileng. Netefatsa ka bobeli khahlanong le litekanyetso tsa moetsi bakeng sa "diameter" e khethiloeng, kaha lintlha li fetoha ka radius.
- Tikoloho.Boemo ba mocheso o sebetsang, mongobo, lerōle, moholi oa oli, profil ea vibrate, le boemo bo hlokahalang ba IP.
- Bophelo ba tšebeletso.Ho lebeletsoe kakaretso ea liphetoho kapa lihora tsa tšebetso, le hore na yuniti e tla khona ho sebetsa-.
- Ho emisa le ho hlongoa.Bolelele ba terata, mofuta oa sehokelo, le likarolo tsa ho kenya (flange, masoba a khoele, paterone ea slot) - hangata lintlha tsa ho qetela, empa ho leng bonolo ho li fosa.
Ha lithibelo tse peli li thulana - ka mohlala, bophahamo bo tlaase le palo e phahameng ea potoloho - ke ntlha ea bohlokoa ea ho bua le moetsi ho e-na le ho qobella karolo e tloaelehileng.
Lisebelisoa le Moralo oa ho Kopana
Thepa ea thepa e etsa qeto ea ho hanyetsa ho kopana, fatše lerata, sekhahla sa ho apara le mocheso oa ho sebetsa.
- Mahokelo a matshwao.Khauta-alloy kapa khauta{1}}ka{2}}motsoako oa khauta e boloka ho hanyetsana le ho kopana ho ka tlase ho mashome a 'maloa a milliohm 'me e hana ho silafala moeeng o kopaneng oa liindasteri.
- Mabitso a matla.Lisebelisoa tsa silevera-kapa li-alloys tsa silevera{1}}li sebelisoa bakeng sa maqhubu a phahameng, moo ho qhalana ha mocheso le ho mamellana le arc ho feta lerata le felletseng.
- Insulation.Li-laminate tse phahameng-Tg FR4, polyimide, kapa PTFE-ke li-substrate tse tloaelehileng. Lintho tse khethiloeng li koahela mocheso o sebetsang 'me li susumetsa ho hanyetsa mongobo.
- Matlo.Aluminium e se nang mafura bakeng sa-tšebeliso e akaretsang; tšepe e sa hloekang ea leoatle, lijo, kapa{1}litikoloho tsa ho hlatsoa.
- Bearings.Li-ball tse tšehelitsoeng kapa tse tiisitsoeng tse tebileng- li tloaelehile; Precision sehlopha se khethoa ho kopana le radial runout eo borashe e tla e mamella.
Meeli le Mekhoa e Tloaelehileng ea ho hloleha
Litlaleho tsa 'nete bakeng sa litsela tseo mehele ea li-pancake e atisang ho hlōleha ho sebetsa ka eona.
- Liaparo tsa borashe li sebelisoa ka ntle ho RPM e phahameng.Lipina tse ka ntle li bona lebelo le holimo haholo la ho thella 'me li apara ka potlako. Ho hlakisa yuniti pheletsong e kaholimo ea RPM e rekiloeng ho khutsufatsa bophelo ka mokhoa o hlakileng.
- Crosstalk lipakeng tsa lipina tsa matšoao tse bapileng.Ntle le mehele ea fatše kapa karohano e lekaneng, li-encoder kapa matšoao a video a phahamisa lerata ho tsoa ho lipina tsa motlakase tse haufi.
- Ho kena libakeng tse lerōle kapa tse mafura.Li-brush tse bulehileng ha li theko e tlase empa li bokella maloanlahla; li-blocks tse tiisitsoeng kapa matlo a matlo a bitsa chelete e ngata empa o lefa ka nako e itseng pakeng tsa ho hlōleha.
- Ho thothomela{0}}ho qhoma ha mabitso ho bakoang ke ho thothomela.Lisebelisoa tse nang le vibrate e kholo li hloka borashe bo bongata pina le likhokahano tse phahameng-moetso oa khatello.
- Ho phahama ha mocheso tlas'a maemo a phahameng a tsoelang pele.Bophara ba pina le palo ea borashe li tlameha ho lekanngoa bakeng sa-boemo bo tsitsitseng, eseng feela sehlohlolong sa hajoale.
Ha o hloka Ring e Tloaelehileng ea Pancake Slip
Karolo e tloaelehileng e lumellana le lits'ebetso tse ngata moo litšitiso li tloaelehileng: lipotoloho tse 'maloa tsa matla, li-circuits tse fokolang tse ngata, RPM e itekanetseng, tikoloho ea ka tlung. Ho feta moo, alesale la tloaelo la pancakehangata e fana ka boleng bo betere ho feta ho qobella mohlala o tloaelehileng ho enfelopo e thata. Litlhahiso tse tloaelehileng tsa ho itlhophisa li kenyelletsa:
- Sebaka sa ho kenyo se seholo-sesesane se lekantsoeng ka-limilimithara tse nang le nomoro e le 'ngoe.
- Bore e khethehileng ea ka hare bakeng sa likhoele, li-shafts, kapa lithapo tsa haeteroliki.
- Phetiso e tsoakiloeng e hloka - matla a phahameng- le gigabit Ethernet kapa HD-SDI yuniti e tšoanang.
- IP65 kapa ts'ireletso e phahameng, kapa ts'ebetso libakeng tse nang le lik'hemik'hale tse mabifi.
- Khokahano le li-flange tse ntseng li eketseha kapa lifomate tsa sehokelo sa mong'a ntlo.
- Ho tšoaneleha ho latela maemo a kamohelo a bongaka, ts'ireletso, kapa aerospace.
LBH
P: Pancake Slip Ring e ka ba Tšesaane Joang?
A: Bophahamo bo tlase bo ipapisitse le palo ea potoloho, lintlha tsa hajoale, le moralo oa li-brush block. Compact PCB-meetso ea stator e ka ba limilimithara tse 'maloa feela bakeng sa maemo a tlase{{2}ea hajoale{3}}litiisetso feela; hodimo{{4}meaho ya ha jwale e nang le matlo a tiisitsweng e tenya ka tsela e bonahalang. Kamehla netefatsa bophahamo ba ho qetela ka mor'a hore palo ea potoloho le ea morao-rao e tsitsitsoe.
P: Na Pancake Slip Ring e Loketse Lipontšo tsa Ethernet?
A: E, ha moralo o kenyelletsa taolo ea tšitiso, lipara tse sirelelitsoeng tsa pina, le mehele ea fatše e inehetseng. Diyuniti tse tlwaelehileng tsa dipanekuku tse ntlafaditsweng feela bakeng sa{1}}matshwao a lebelo a tlase a ka hlahisa jitter e feteletseng ho gigabit Ethernet, kahoo matla a hodimo-ke ho hlakisa moralo o hlakileng ho e-na le maitshwaro a kamehla.
P: Ke Mefokolo Efe e ka Sehloohong ea Pancake Slip Rings?
A: Bophara bo boholo ba bokantle bakeng sa palo ea potoloho e fanoeng, hangata siling ea RPM e tlase ho feta meralo ea capsule, kutloisiso e kholo ea ho tšela lipakeng tsa lipina tse arohaneng haholo, 'me litšenyehelo li nyoloha haholo ha lipalo tsa potoloho li nyoloha.
P: Pancake Slip Ring Vs Through-Bore Slip Ring - Ke Khetha Efe?
A: Khetha moralo oa li-pancake haeba tšitiso e le bophahamo ba axial ntle le tlhoko ea ho tsamaisa likhoele kapa li-shafts ho potoloha axis. Khetha -bore unit ha ho hong ho itseng - wiring bundle, hydraulic line, drive shaft, kapa laser path - e tlameha ho feta bohareng ba ho potoloha.
P: Ke Tlhahisoleseding Efe eo Moetsi a e Hlokang ho Rala Ring e Tloaelehileng ea Pancake Slip?
A: Bonyane: enfelopo ea mochini, palo ea potoloho e arotsoe ka mofuta, hona joale le motlakase ka potoloho ka 'ngoe, liprothokholo tsa matšoao, RPM, tikoloho, bophelo ba ts'ebeletso e reriloeng, le likhetho tse ntseng li eketseha / ho felisoa. Lenane le felletseng le lethathamong la tlhahlobo la RFQ le kaholimo.
P: Na Pancake Slip Rings e ka Lokisoa Tšimong?
K: Masale a mangata a - a thehiloeng ho li-pancake a entsoe hore a koalehe 'me a nkeloe sebakeng se seng ho fapana le ho lokisoa. Tšebeletso ea tšimo hangata e lekanyelitsoe ho hlahloba lithapo, ho fetola lihokelo, le ho tiisa ho hlongoa. Ho fetola borashe ho disc hangata ke ts'ebetso ea feme.
Kakaretso
Ring ea pancake ke karabo e nepahetseng ha sebaka sa axial e le tšitiso e kholo mme ho na le sebaka sa ho hola ka radially. Thepa ea geometry e fapanyetsana bolelele bakeng sa bophara, 'me khoebo eo e le 'ngoe e fetola moralo - sebopeho sa pina, palo ea borashe, sebaka sa ho koala, leano la ho sireletsa, le khetho ea lisebelisoa kaofela li latela ho eona. Tšoara khetho e le qeto ea boenjiniere ho e-na le ho sheba lethathamo la libuka: netefatsa enfelopo ea mochine pele, joale motsoako oa potoloho, oa hona joale le oa motlakase, li-protocol tsa matšoao, RPM, le tikoloho ka tatellano eo. Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse boima, moralo o hlophisitsoeng hantle o tla feta karolo ea maemo a qobelloang nako le nako.